The report concerns the main issues of the Emperor Nikolay I state activity for the development of charity and acts of mercy in Russia during the 30 years of his rule. Telling about his way of life and various official duties, the authors focus on the organization of colleges, specialized orphans-caring schools, installation of almshouses, and construction of hospitals, launched by the sovereign-emperor. He was an example of lawfulness, generosity and self-confidence, that gives us a possibility to take positive examples from the past for today’s life.